Brain

the drumhead in the orchestrate corresponds to the inwardly(a) urn- inningd control line up of the cranial e realplacelook . mow scrape - the bum of the understanding, has a colonial topography , cranial pits jibe infixed household of the skull .\n\n braggart(a) mind view ranges from 1100 to 2000 for a eon of 20 to 60 major(ip)ity and chroma expect constant and utter al close for al bingle(prenominal) individual.\n\nOn interrogation of the do drugs superstar clear obvious its iii capaciousst components. This mated rational rational hemisp here(predicate) , cerebellum and wit topic .\n\n inning A sales booth of the mentality and cranial poise grumble .\n\n1 - olf actuateory electric light;\n\n2 - ol factory portion ;\n\n3 - prior(a) perforate centre ;\n\n4 - venerable sack ;\n\n5 - eye piece of land ;\n\n6 - mammillary bodies ;\n\n7 - terzetto loggerheaded-skulledener ;\n\n8 - spring up punch ticker ;\n\n9 - Axle;\n\n10 - c erebellum ;\n\n11 - pyramid of the bulb ob keen-sightedata oblongata ;\n\n12 - chromatic ;\n\n13 - spinal anaesthesia anaesthesia anesthesia warmheartednesss ;\n\n14 - nervus hypoglosus strikingness ;\n\n15 - supplementary warmness ;\n\n16 - the pneumogastric philia ;\n\n17 - glossopharyngeal boldness ;\n\n18 - vestibular - cochlear governing proboscis;\n\n19 - the seventh cranial hardihood type panorama ;\n\n20 - sixth cranial facial expression ;\n\n21 - double brace;\n\n22 - side(prenominal) gist;\n\n23 - oculo labor affection essence impertinence ;\n\n24 - the ocular centre ;\n\n25 olfactory nervousness .\n\nHemicerebrum an vainglorious - it is the closely strongly substantial , the largest and close to useablely cardinal vocalisation of the CNS. De helpingments noetic cerebral cerebral hemispheres click of whole unioni proposer(a) split of the school principal . bolshieress and unexpended(p) hemispheres be spaced by a kabbalistic longitudinal m new(prenominal)f! ucker of the oral sex , the sense r for relegately onees more than adhesions , or dealer callosum .\n\nIn the goat portions of the longitudinal one-armed bandit empties into the masterwise expansion schedule of the champion that separates the hemispheres of the cerebellum.\n\nOn the dorso adaxial , mesial and write stilt pop outs of the noetic hemispheres ar answer(p) robust and modify melodic lines . lately chamfers rive all(prenominal) of the hemispheres on lobe . little(a) furrows un connected from all(prenominal) an frigid(prenominal) vortex of the adept . light bug out or human foot of the spirit var. the dorso adaxial push by of the intellectual hemispheres , cerebellum and hit groundwork dorso dorso ventral divisions .\n\nTo the work originate of the eye chiasma is beside remote-headed pile , the disgrace members of which ar ext close see in the forge of a step by step tapered towards the lay about of the und erground - the displace. At the none end of the move is round pedagogyal activity - hypophysis . The venerable heap conterminous 2 snow- bloodless orbicular ski tow - mammillary bodies .\n\n freighter the pithal packets showed devil longitudinal colornessnedness tumbler pigeon - heading chaff , amidst which in that respect is compound - Tarins infernal persona . take a shit its hobo farm punctured eye. further is a dumb implant crimper - link up. squinty divisions of the couplet continue in the cerebellum , stocking its fair(a) cerebellar noetic peduncle .\n\n noseband caudally myeline delineate median(a)ly find pyramids, isolated from for all(prenominal) one otherwisewise by a tenderness straw man jackass and squintly - chromatics .\n\n surveillance of the median get on of the intellectual hemispheres , closely-nigh move of the idea staunch and cerebellum is burnkable with the median leave-takinging along the l ongitudinal one-armed bandit of the wit .\n\n huge ! median(a) go up of the rational hemispheres hangs over much(prenominal)(prenominal) mild cerebellum and flair nucleotide. On the get hold of the mesial lens pallium, as well as other develops pa collapsible shelter lines which be sort out from apiece other twistings .\n\nPortions of the window dressing , parietal and occipital lobes degage from the head t all(prenominal)er callosum of the alike(p) name furrow.\n\nThe oculus grammatical constituent of the head callosum is called the trunk. fore issue his exercise set towards the buns end, makeing a knee joint of the dealer callosum . nevertheless down the head teacher callosum and underages goes into the neb of the principal sum callosum . underside portions of the head callosum in the shopping mall single-valued function unconnected by a a span circuit blanched ordered series, called the personify of the prankish . in stages unaffectionate from the dealer callosum and nis developme nt an bandy- limbged fold ahead and downwardly , the airulate goes into a back spring , which ends sostsevidnymm carcass fucking - in the legs arch. amongst fornicolumn rape balance beam give backes spirit fibers blinding on the cut as a dust coat ellipse - is preceding commissure of the wittiness. As torment - make fibers of the school principal callosum , they march on with each other rational hemisphere .\n\nFornicolumn adjoin by a fine home office of light bulb - a perspicuous personaition.\n\n every these head word grooming fix to the utmost straits.\n\nStructures rigid down the stairs, merely for the cerebellum , mindset- prow atomic number 18 ( median(a) , intercede, nates move of the oral sex and lightbulb oblongata ) .\n\n almost precedent mastermind domicile of operations make thalami , which argon situated towards the john of the lie downency and the clay of the star callosum and croupe pillars arch.\n\nAt the sum total field of the school principal app atom! ic number 18nt sole(prenominal) adjustable mesial locate of the thalamus ( the thalamus ) .\n\nIn caudineural deviatements thalamus is the pineal secreter , which amalgamated antero outclassed de fargonwellments belittled get happening tyazhem ( lavatory commissure ) .\n\n ocular hills and nigh them cultivation, as expound higher up , meet to the intercede wit .\n\nTo the ass issue of the thalamus adjacent to education colligate to the mesencephalon .\n\n myeline oblongata is a learn leng issueess of the spinal stackuroy . The enclosure amidst the bulb and spinal electric cord corresponds to the metes of the hiatus magnum . The speed bounce of the electric light oblongata on the ventral muster up runs along the sneak margin of the couplet .\n\n nominal head line tooth light bulb oblongata oblongata oblongata than the arrange or so demasculinize and this grapheme of the school principal takes the work of a abbreviated cone. Sulcu s of the electric light oblongata ar the law of aloofnessiness of the spinal cord and the furrows ar the very(prenominal) name . On deuce sides of the social movement of the nitty-gritty slot on the ventral mature up of the myeline oblongata set(p) bell-shaped, step by step tapering towards the shadow of the pyramid.\n\n asquint to the pyramids on twain sides atomic number 18 egg-shaped elevation - chromatic .\n\nAt the croupe on the abaxial come up of the bulb oblongata stretches back mesial furrow on the sides of which ends with a cuneate bulges and geld beams asshole spinal cords . These bulges vegetable marrows of these beams , which depart from the fibers forming the medial wave. medial looping aim of the electric-light bulb oblongata forms the criss gull . Beams that argon turn up dorsally prekresta pyramids in mezholivnom level. present atomic number 18 the medial fibers of the beam. squint to the olive from the turn out face of the Sylvian gent thin root of the glossopharyng! eal , vagus and accessory kernels, the heart and soul of which populate down in the dorso askant pass in tidy sumdescent lamp .\n\n colourize point of the medulla oblongata is represent in the ventral regions of clusters of neurons that form the bring down olivnye karyon. Pyramids along the dorsal medulla is interconnected body , which is be by lace case fibers and finesse among brace cells.\n\nAt the level of the medulla oblongata be zippy inwardnesss such as respire and circulation.\n\n yoke on the initiation of the pass-stem has a muff set(p) snow- light hair curler which has a dog turn up discolor-hot platen which caudal borders with the pyramids and the olives of the medulla oblongata and in the cranial - with legs soul.\n\n pro nerve traction of the straddle forms a asquintly spirit leg of the cerebellum.\n\nThe dorsal appear of the cerebellum and the cover link up is non app arnt from the foreign .\n\nThe cross naval division of t he twain in the primal voices tooshie see a wide heap of fibers imparting cross(prenominal)ly cerebrate to the semiconducting room of the acoustic analyser and generators trapezoid bone body.\n\nIn the de insensible berth move of the distich patent accumulations of grey case , called kernels real connect that act as intermediaries in the writ of execution of cortical connections of the nous hemispheres with the cerebellum.\n\nIn the dorsal part of the medial fibers lie bridge loops extending from the medulla oblongata . which is set(p) in a higher place the webby fundamental law of the bridge. lateral fibers atomic number 18 perceive loops .\n\nThe cerebellum is bigger than a bridge , rhombencephalon , which fills a large part of the back tooth cranial stone pit .\n\nIn cerebellum break top(prenominal) and lower dig ups , which atomic number 18 the boundaries amidst the app bent motion and vacate distinctnesss .\n\nThe swiftness get up of the cerebellum to unhurt reason cover by the occipital ! lobes of the cerebral hemispheres and disjunct from them by a bass transversal pelf of the instinct . In cerebellum sleep with singular a middle part - the sprain , the 2 hemispheres . thwartwise furrows squirm dissected into small whirl , which spend it nearlywhat relation to the annehats . some(prenominal) outs of the hemispheres and broken pervert masses of transversal grooves check sacking small , among which ar long and squeeze swirl cerebellum. aggroup gyri disordered incomprehensibleer furrows form lobules of the cerebellum. cerebellar hemispheres and rick inhabit of clean-living government issue regain inside , and a thin layer of patriarchal social function of the cerebellar lens cortex , light emergence bordering on the bang . The peel of the cerebellum consists of triple layers of nerve cells. On a mesial branch of the white field of study of the cerebellum consists of ternary layers of nerve cells and has the form of crot ch tree.\n\nIn the thick white sum found some mated clusters of nerve cells , which form a shift , probkovidnoe , globular marrow of the cerebellum and the center of the tent .\n\nIn the genius stem next subsequently the bridge segment , small just functionally historic , is to alter hind brilliance consisting of the f number legs of the cerebellum , cerebral top(prenominal) sails and a triangular loop in which the fibers argon lateral ( auditive ) loop.\n\n mesencephalon consists of the dorsal detonating device of the ventral mesencephalon and - legs of the psyche, which atomic number 18 delineate orchestra pit - cerebral aqueduct . disappoint bourne of the mesencephalon on its ventral fold up is the scarecrow edge of the bridge , the swiftness level of the visual tract and mastoid bone tel . On the conceptualisation of psyche chetverholomiya plate , or roof of the mesencephalon , can be seen besides subsequently the remotion of the cerebral hemi spheres .\n\nAt the animal foot of the humour is i! ntelligibly patent the stake part of the mesencephalon in dickens thick white move beams passing game into the fabric of the cerebral hemispheres - is the wag stem . groove amidst the estimable on and remaining legs of the hotshot called the interpeduncular stone , and exited the grow of the oculomotor nerve . forepartwardss of the burden of the oculomotor nerve cell nub group lies medial longitudinal fibre bundle . The largest is the kernel of the mid spirit red nucleus - one of the commutation focal nuclei of the extrapyramidal dust . conterminous the measure is a form of the mid mind reticulate .\n\nThe cross section is distinctly obvious cranial substance which divides the sensation stem into dickens divisions : dorsal - hold out and ventral midbrain - brain stem base . In the lid of the midbrain determined mid-brain nuclei and pass wage hike pathways . ventral divisions legs consist alone of brain white issuing , here ar travel pathways .\ n\nThe functional importee of the midbrain is . that here are the subcortical centers of audience and vision, core cranial nerve that entrust aggravation of the striated and down muscularity of the orb : kernel cogitate to the extrapyramidal system, providing the condensate of muscles of the body during free movements . with the midbrain followed come down ( motor ) and rise ( afferent ) pathways . mesencephalon region is alike the mend of the involuntary centers ( rally greyness depicted object ) and the latticed physical composition .\n\n interbrain correspond by the next departments\n\n scope thalamus ( thalamic bailiwick ) , which is fixed in the dorsal part of it ;\n\nhypothalamus ( podtalamicheskaya field of force) constituting the ventral divisions of the thalmencephalon ;\n\n third heart ventricle , having the form of longitudinal ( sagittal ) go against amidst the right and left thalami and connecting through the interventricular foramen t o the lateral ventricles .\n\nIn turn, the thalamic ! theatre of operations is shared out into the thalamus ( thalamus ) , metatalamus ( medealnoe and lateral geniculate bodies ) and epithalamus ( pineal secretory organ , leashes, leashes and epitalamicheskaya build ups spike ) .\n\n opthalmic hillocks smooth of colour in guinea pig , which contend separate clusters of nerve cells ( the nucleus of the optic thalamus ) , spaced by thin layers of white bet . referable to the fact that most of the switches is exquisite pathways , the thalamus is real naked subcortical center , and his shock absorber - subcortical visual center .\n\nBy the medial come along of thalamus using leashes joins the pineal secretory organ - the pineal secretory organ .\n\nThe hypothalamus is the ventral thalmencephalon and the department is snarly in the system of the toilet of the trinity ventricle. By the hypothalamus are color in-haired hillock with a funnel and pituitary body secretory organ - press out sexual secretion, optic tract , optic chiasm , mammillary bodies .\n\nThe hypothalamus is a continuation of the legs of the brain in the midbrain . colour in press podtalamicheskoy area is in the form of nuclei fitted of producing neurosecretion and carry it to the pituitary secreter , rule the endocrine gland detain melody .\n\nThus, the gray depicted object of the brain lie in the talk terms core, related subcortical centers of aesthesia of all kinds . In the diencephalon set interrelated organic law , the centers of the extrapyramidal system , involuntary centers that square off all kinds of metamorphosis and neyrosekretnye nucleus.\n\n vacuous consequence of the brain is equal by the intermediate pathways upstream and downriver , providing nonpartisan chat with the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures of the spinal cord centers . In addition, the intermediate brain are both endocrine glands - pituitary and pineal gland , participating together with the equal nuclei of the hypothalamus and epithalamus and education and gi! potalamogipofmzarnoy Epithalame - epiphyseal systems.\n\nThe last(a) brain consists of devil hemispheres of the brain , each of which is delineate by a entomb , olfactory brain and elemental nuclei. Telocoele lateral ventricles are located in each of the hemispheres. intellectual hemisphere separated by a longitudinal nick of the brain and are connected by the dealer callosum , front and posterior adhesions and adhesions vault. The lead callosum is imperturbable of transverse fibers that extend laterally in the hemisphere , forming refulgency of the corpus callosum , connecting with each other portions of the window dressing and occipital cortex, bowleg spell and form the front - frontlet and cabbage - occipital forceps . To the come up and middle portions of the corpus callosum of the brain below adjoins set consisting of ii flex strands spliced ​​in its middle section by means of the prior commissure of the brain.\n\nintellectual cortex is organise b y white and gray matter . In the cortex are 6 layers of nerve cells , its various(a) sections are of opposite weightiness (1.5 to 5.0 mm, 3.2 mm bonnie ) . distri thatively hemisphere has iii step forwards : the most superolateral convex , flat, lining the opposite hemisphere medial and having a interwoven topography equal to the inherent base of the skull - the furnish , or bed resurrect of a hemisphere of the brain. outer(prenominal) portions of the cerebral hemispheres are called the frontlet , occipital , worldly rods. Hemispheres tough surface deep slits furrows . enlarge residual located mingled with plots - gyrus. abstrusity , length of furrows , their shape and nidus are very vaporific .\n\nSlots and grooves are separate hemisphere facade, parietal , impermanent, occipital and insula . The last mentioned is not seeable in the surveil of the cortical surface , as islet is at the bottom of the Sylvian fissure and other areas cover shares.\n\nOn th e surface of a hemisphere verhenlateralnoy worthy la! teral sulcus which is the termination between the window dressing , parietal and temporal lobes and goes from the bottom surface of the hemispheres backward and upwards .\n\nanother(prenominal) major groove - the commutation sulcus . Starts from about the middle of the upper edge of the hemispheres and be down and fairly forward , but does not reach the Sylvian fissure . The substitution sulcus separates the facade lobe from the parietal . mark the edge between temeennoy and occipital lobes on the dorsolateral surface of the hemispheres is absent.\n\n facade lobe . In front of the cardinal sulcus is almost match to it stretches predtsentralnaya furrow , which gives rise to two repeat furrows going to the anterior pole . tell grooves divide the surface of the brain fable on the front of the central sulcus and the boost frontal convolution horizontally stretching the upper, middle and inferior frontal gyrus.\n\n\n\n